Written words in vernacular have deep intimacy with identity and pride among the Bunun indigenous society of Taiwan. The Bunun believe they had a glorious past when they still held the written words and were the original owners of vast tracts of land. However, these invaluable written words were lost in a flood which is perceived as the main cause of their poverty, weakness and suppression. This is why they were eager to contact with Christian mission when they heard that the Han Chinese Presbyterian missionaries were going to teach them written words. The introduction of Bunun written words was regarded as one of the crucial reasons for Bunun’s earnest embrace of Christianity as reported in Presbyterian official records (cf. Hu 1965; 1997[1986]) and confirmed by my own interviews. This chapter investigates how the Bunun constructed their identity and resisted the government assimilation policy by examining the process of early Bunun Bible translation. I argue it is necessary to go beyond the well-known exploits of the Han Chinese Presbyterian missionary and focus instead upon the complex social and political forces within Taiwan that conditioned this work. I propose it is also important to emphasise the agency of the Bunun people who responded both favourably and unfavourably to this work. From the Bunun case, I suggest, it is unwise to underestimate the significance of the introduction of writing as a primary motivating factor in the process of missionisation. By means of the vernacular written words, Christianity is believed, like writing, to be the Bunun’s own possession, which they have always had. Hence, Christianity has been tied up inextricably with the Bunun’s language and culture.